Differences Between Autism & Other Conditions (ADHD, Anxiety)

Why It’s Important to Distinguish Between Conditions

Many children are misdiagnosed or only partially diagnosed when symptoms overlap. Understanding the root cause helps ensure your child receives the right supports and interventions early.
A clear diagnosis can guide strategies for school, therapy, and home life — and reduce frustration for both children and parents.

Autism vs. ADHD

Similarities:

• Both can include difficulties with focus, impulsivity, or     social interaction.

• Both may involve sensory differences or emotional regulation challenges.

Key Differences:

• Social Communication: Children with autism often have difficulties with nonverbal cues, social reciprocity, & imaginative play, while those children with ADHD usually understand social rules but struggle to follow them consistently.

• Repetitive Behaviors: Repetitive movements or intense interests are core features of autism but not of ADHD.

• Attention Patterns: Children with ADHD typically have fluctuating attention, while children with autism may hyperfocus on preferred topics or tasks.

Autism vs. Anxiety

Similarities:

• Both may involve avoidance of social situations, rigid routines, or physical signs of stress.

• Both can lead to meltdowns or in overwhelming environments.

Key Differences:

• Anxiety is driven by worry or fear, while autism is a neurodevelopmental difference that affects processing, communication, & sensory experience.

• Social Understanding: A child with anxiety may want to engage socially but feels nervous, whereas, a child with autism may find social communication itself difficult or confusing.

• Response to Structure: Predictable routines can reduce anxiety, but for people with autism, structure supports understanding & comfort rather than reducing fear.

Can a Child Have Both Autism and ADHD or Anxiety?

Yes. Many individuals have co-occurring conditions such as ADHD, anxiety, or learning differences alongside autism.
A thorough evaluation helps identify whether traits overlap or stem from separate causes — guiding tailored supports that address all aspects of your child’s development.

At Access Autism Testing, our virtual evaluations assess domains, including:

• Social communication and interaction

• Repetitive and sensory behaviors

• Attention, executive functioning, and emotional regulation

• Anxiety, stress, and adaptive coping skills